Sep 30, 2024
When developing a business centered around Japanese prints,
there are many factors to consider: the audience, the history, and
how you want to be perceived by the public. The appeal of the
Japanese aesthetic, along with your own personal aesthetic and
brand identity, can also be just as important to your business.
On this episode of The Unfinished Print, I speak
with Malene Wagner, a gallerist, curator, writer, and art historian
whose business operates under the name Tiger Tanuki. Malene shares
her passion for collecting and selling Japanese prints, and we
explore the European perspective on Japanese prints and
printmaking. We also dive into Japanese aesthetics and how they are
interpreted through a Western lens. Additionally, Malene discusses
how these aesthetics influence her brand, Tiger Tanuki, the role
history plays in shaping her business, and her upcoming book.
Please follow The Unfinished Print and my own
mokuhanga work on Instagram @andrezadoroznyprints or
email me at theunfinishedprint@gmail.com
Notes: may contain a hyperlink. Simply click on
the highlighted word or phrase.
Artists works follow
after the note if available. Pieces are mokuhanga unless otherwise
noted. Dimensions are given if known. Print publishers are given if
known.
Malene Wagner & Tiger Tanuki - Instagram,
website
ukiyo-e - is a multi colour woodblock print
generally associated with the Edo Period (1603-1867) of Japan. What
began in the 17th Century as prints of only a few colours, evolved
into an elaborate system of production and technique into the Meiji
Period (1868-1912). With the advent of photography and other forms
of printmaking, ukiyo-e as we know it today, ceased
production by the late 19th Century.
Uniqlo - a Japanese clothing brand
known for its affordable, minimalist, and high-quality everyday
wear. It focuses on functional designs, using innovative fabrics
like Heattech for warmth and AIRism for breathability. Uniqlo is
popular worldwide for offering essential wardrobe staples and often
collaborates with well-known designers and artists to create unique
collections.
Clear Day With A Southern Breeze (1831) is a print usually known
as "Red Fuji." From the series Thirty Six Views of Mt. Fuji this
print was actually pink, red was used in later impressions by
publisher Nishimuraya Yohachi.
The Great Wave off Kanagawa - is a
woodblock print designed by Katsushika Hokusai in 1831. It is very
famous.
Yayoi Kusama - is a pioneering
Japanese artist known for her immersive installations and polka dot
motifs that explore themes of infinity, identity, and mental
health. Born in 1929 in Matsumoto, Japan, Kusama began her artistic
journey through painting and avant-garde practices, eventually
moving to New York in the late 1950s, where she became a key figure
in the pop art and feminist movements. Her works, range from
large-scale installations like the "Infinity Mirror Rooms" to her
vibrant sculptures and paintings. Kusama’s art is a deeply personal
expression of her own experiences with mental illness, transforming
her obsessions into stunning visual experiences that resonate
globally. Today, she is celebrated as one of the most influential
contemporary artists, with exhibitions and installations that
captivate audiences worldwide.
From "Life Is The Heart of A Rainbow", Installation (2017)
MANGA - was an exhibition from May 23 - August
26, 2019 held at the British Museum in London, England.
shin hanga - is a style of Japanese woodblock
printmaking that emerged in the early 20th century, marking the end
of the nishiki-e period. Originating around 1915 under the
direction of Watanabe Shōzaburō (1885-1962), the art form responded
to the foreign demand for "traditional" Japanese imagery. Shin
hanga artists focused on motifs like castles, bridges, famous
landscapes, and bamboo forests. The style was initiated when
Watanabe discovered Austrian artist Fritz Capelari (1884-1950) and
commissioned him to design prints for Watanabe's budding printing
house. This collaboration led to the evolution of shin hanga into a
distinctive new style of Japanese woodblock printing. The shin
hanga movement thrived until its inevitable decline after the
Second World War (1939-1945).
sōsaku-hanga - or creative prints, is a
style of printmaking which is predominantly, although not
exclusively, prints made by one person. It started in the early
twentieth century in Japan, in the same period as the shin-hanga
movement. The artist designs, carves, and prints their own works.
The designs, especially in the early days, may seem rudimentary but
the creation of self-made prints was a breakthrough for printmakers
moving away from where only a select group of carvers, printers and
publishers created woodblock prints.
Tomoo Inagaki (1902-1980) - introduced to
mokuhanga by Onchi Kōshirō and Un'cihi Hiratsuka in 1923. Beginning
in 1924, Inagaki published his first prints in magazines such as
Shi to hanga (issue 13), Hanga (issues 6, 9/10,
11, 14), and Kitsutsuki, and exhibited with the Nihon
Sôsaku-Hanga Kyôkai (Japan Creative Print Association). He became a
member of the Nihon Hanga Kyôkai (Japan Print Association) in 1932
and participated in various post-war international competitions,
including the Paris, Tokyo, and Lugano biennales. His cat prints
have been highly collectible. More info can be found at Viewing
Japanese Prints,
here.
The Rival Cats - 18" x 24" (1960's - 1970's)
Oliver Statler (1915-2002) - was an
American author and scholar and collector of mokuhanga. He had been
a soldier in World War 2, having been stationed in Japan. After his
time in the war Statler moved back to Japan where he wrote about
Japanese prints. His interests were of many facets of Japanese
culture such as accommodation, and the 88 Temple Pilgrimage of
Shikoku. Oliver Statler, in my opinion, wrote one of the most
important books on the sōsaku-hanga movement, “Modern
Japanese Prints: An Art Reborn.”
Frances Blakemore (1906-1997) - was an
American-born artist, writer, philanthropist and curator of modern
Japanese mokuhanga. She lived in Japan for over fifty years and
helped to support the burgeoning sōsaku hanga print movement of the
1950s. Blakemore worked in mokuhanga (collaborating with Watanabe
Shōzaburō) and making self-printed and carved prints. She also
worked in oils.
Japanese Bath (1937) - 11 7/8" x 9 5/8 "
Yoshitomo Nara - is a renowned Japanese
contemporary artist and is celebrated for his distinctive paintings
and sculptures featuring figures with large heads and expressive
eyes, often exploring themes of innocence, rebellion, and
solitude.
Change The History (2007) acrylic on wood 74-7/16" × 55-1/2" ×
3-1/8"
Mingei - is a Japanese term that translates to
"folk craft" or "people's art." It refers to a movement that
emerged in the early 20th century, emphasizing the value and beauty
of traditional, handmade crafts created by anonymous artisans.
Mingei focuses on everyday objects, such as pottery, textiles,
furniture, and utensils, that reflect the culture and daily life of
the people who made them.
Lawrin Smith - is the author of the book "The
Prints of Yoshitoshi: A Complete Illustrated Catalog" (2009). This
comprehensive catalog focuses on the works of Tsukioka Yoshitoshi.
The book provides detailed descriptions and illustrations of
Yoshitoshi's prints, showcasing his significant contributions to
the ukiyo-e genre and his influence on modern printmaking.
Wabi-sabi is a Japanese aesthetic philosophy
that celebrates the beauty of imperfection, transience, and the
natural cycle of life. It combines two concepts:
"wabi," which refers to rustic simplicity and
tranquility found in nature, and "sabi,"which
denotes the beauty that comes with age and wear. Wabi-sabi values
simplicity, asymmetry, and the unique characteristics of objects
and experiences, encouraging appreciation for the impermanent and
humble aspects of life. This philosophy is reflected in various
forms of art, architecture, and design, emphasizing natural
materials and handcrafted items, and fostering mindfulness and
acceptance of the imperfections that make life beautiful.
A-yo - is a renowned Japanese artist
associated with the Gutai Art Association, an
avant-garde group that emerged in post-war Japan. Known for his
vibrant colors and distinctive style, Ay-O's work often
incorporates elements of nature, light, and movement, reflecting
themes of playfulness and spontaneity. He engages with materials in
innovative ways and has explored performance art as part of his
creative expression. With extensive exhibitions both in Japan and
internationally, Ay-O has made significant contributions to
contemporary art, emphasizing the joy of creation and the aesthetic
experience.
Marcel Duchamp (1887–1968) was a
French-American artist and a key figure in modern art, known for
his significant influence on the Dada movement and conceptual art.
He initially trained as a painter but became renowned for
challenging traditional notions of art through his controversial
works, such as "Fountain"(1917), a readymade
sculpture of a urinal that questioned the definition of art and the
role of the artist. Duchamp's other notable pieces, including
"The Large Glass" (1915–1923) and "Bicycle
Wheel" (1913), explored themes of chance and perception.
His innovative ideas about art as a conceptual experience rather
than a purely visual one continue to resonate, solidifying his
status as one of the most influential artists of the 20th
century.
Fountain (1917) replica (1964)
Naoko Matsubara -
is a contemporary Japanese printmaker known for her expertise in
mokuhanga. Born in Osaka, she studied at Kyoto Seika University,
where she specialized in printmaking and mastered the techniques of
this ancient art form. Matsubara's work often blends traditional
methods with contemporary themes, exploring the relationship
between nature, culture, and identity. Her prints are characterized
by intricate details, vibrant colors, and a deep appreciation for
the materials and techniques involved in woodblock printing. She
teaches and promotes mokuhanga both in Japan and abroad, exhibiting
her work in galleries and museums worldwide and receiving numerous
awards for her contributions to the field. Naoko's interview with
The Unfinished Print can be found,
here.
Gihachiro
Okuyama (1907-1981) - was a prominent Japanese
printmaker and painter associated with the sōsaku hanga (creative
prints) movement. Born in Tokyo, he studied traditional Japanese
painting and was influenced by Western art styles, leading to
innovative woodblock prints characterized by bold colors and
dynamic compositions that blend traditional aesthetics with modern
elements. Throughout his career, Okuyama exhibited extensively in
Japan and internationally, contributing significantly to
contemporary printmaking while also playing a vital role in art
education by sharing his expertise with future generations. His
work reflects a deep engagement with the cultural exchanges between
East and West during the post-war period.
Moonscape - 10" x 21"
Utagawa Kuniyoshi
(1798-1861) - is considered one of the last “masters” of the
ukiyo-e genre of Japanese woodblock printmaking. His
designs range from landscapes, samurai and Chinese military heroes,
as well as using various formats for his designs such as diptychs
and triptychs.
Prince Rokuson Tsunemoto from
Suikoden of Japanese Heroes (1843) 10" x 7"
Utagawa Kunisada III
(1848–1920) - was a
ukiyo-e print designer from the Utagawa school of
mokuhanga. Kunisada III's print designs were designed during the
transformation of the Edo Period (1603-1868) into the Meiji Period
(1868-1912) of Japanese history, where his prints showed the
technological, architectural and historical changes in Japan's
history.
Kabuki Plays - Narukami and Princess Toki (ca. 1890's)
triptych
Saitō Kiyoshi (1907-1997) - was a Japanese
woodblock printmaker and artist who worked in the sōsaku
hanga style of mokuhanga. HIs fame outside of Japan was fairly
comprehensive with his peak fame being in the 1950’s and 1960’s.
For a comprehensive book on his life and times, Saitō Kiyoshi:
Graphic Awakening published by The John & Mable Ringling
Museum is an excellent source. Can be found,
here. Lecture by Dr.
Paget about Saitō can be found, here. My
interview with Professor Paget can be found,
here.
Dog, Daschund 2 10" x
15"
Edvard Munch (1863-1944) - was a Norweigan
artist, who initially was a painter, but also ventured into
printmaking making 850 images. His print medium was etching,
lithography, and woodcut. More information can be found
here, at Christie’s.
Anxiety (1894)
Pieter Cornelius Mondrian (1872-1944) - a
Dutch artist who’s work helped found De Stijl in 1917, a group of
Dutch painters who helped codify Mondrian’s abstraction and
industrial design. Mondrian has a wide spectrum of works and styles
created throughout his career. More information can be found,
here
from the Guggenheim.
Mill in Sunlight (1908). Credit: Kunstmuseum Den Haag, The
Hague, The Netherlands © 2021 Mondrian/Holtzman Trust
Shunga - meaning "spring pictures,"
is a genre of Japanese erotic art that flourished during the Edo
period (1603–1868), characterized by woodblock prints, paintings,
and illustrated books depicting explicit sexual scenes often
combined with humor, romance, and social commentary. Notable for
its vibrant colors and intricate details, shunga explores themes of
intimacy and sexuality, serving both as entertainment and education
in a culture where such topics were often taboo. The genre reflects
societal attitudes toward love and relationships and has a rich
history despite facing censorship at various times. Today, shunga
is recognized as a significant part of Japanese art history,
appreciated for its aesthetic qualities and cultural context.
Paul Binnie - Candlelight (1994) kappazuri print 24" x
18"
Tosa Prefecture - historically known as Tosa
Province, is located in the southern part of Shikoku, Japan, and
corresponds to present-day Kochi Prefecture. Renowned for its
natural beauty, including mountains, rivers, and coastal
landscapes, Tosa has a rich cultural heritage that includes
traditional crafts like Tosa washi (handmade paper) and Tosa
pottery. The region is famous for its vibrant festivals, such as
the Yosakoi Festival, which features lively dance performances, and
is known for its agricultural products, particularly citrus fruits
like yuzu and sudachi, along with seafood. Kochi City, the capital
of Kochi Prefecture, serves as the cultural and economic center,
showcasing local cuisine, historical sites, and museums. Tosa's
unique blend of natural scenery, traditional crafts, and cultural
events contributes to its significance within Japan.
© Popular Wheat Productions
opening and closing credit - I Am Pentagon by the band Make Up
from their album Save Yourself (1999) released by K
Records.
logo designed and produced by Douglas Batchelor and André
Zadorozny
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***The opinions expressed by guests in The Unfinished Print
podcast are not necessarily those of André Zadorozny and of Popular
Wheat Productions.***